If you own, buy, or rent a property in the UK, you must understand the significance of an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) and what each rating means. This guide explains what an EPC is, defines each rating, explores property features that affect these ratings, and examines how a rating can be improved.
At Falcon Energy, we specialise in EPC services. We can conduct a detailed assessment of your current property’s energy performance, identify key areas for improvement, implement upgrades to ensure compliance and reassess a new rating.
Our accredited energy assessors work nationwide – to get a free quote, please call 01403 253439.
What is an EPC certificate?
An Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) is a document that provides a rating for a property’s energy efficiency on a scale from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient). The purpose of an EPC is to inform potential buyers or tenants about the building’s energy efficiency, including estimated energy costs and suggestions for enhancing the building’s energy performance.
In the UK, a valid EPC is a legal requirement when a building is sold, rented, or constructed. For most properties, the certificate is valid for 10 years. The seller or landlord must provide prospective buyers or tenants with a copy of the EPC. This requirement helps people make informed decisions and encourages property improvements, contributing to environmental conservation efforts.
All EPCs are stored on the EPC Register and can be publicly accessed. The EPC Register is an online database that allows you to search for and view the energy performance details of properties across the UK.
What does an EPC assessment involve?
EPC ratings explained
An Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) assessment categorises properties into energy efficiency bands ranging from A to G. Often referred to as energy efficiency ratings, they measure the property’s overall energy efficiency, potential fuel costs, and environmental impact on carbon dioxide emissions.
Here is a detailed breakdown of each EPC rating from A to G:
A (92-100 points) – Most efficient
Properties in this band are the most energy efficient and have the lowest environmental impact. They have excellent insulation and highly efficient heating systems and usually incorporate renewable energy sources such as solar panels. Properties with an A rating have the lowest energy costs.
B (81-91 points)
These properties are also highly energy efficient. They typically feature good insulation and efficient heating and cooling systems and may include some energy generation from renewable sources. Energy costs are low, and environmental impact is minimal.
C (69-80 points)
This is an average EPC rating for homes considered averagely energy efficient. They have good insulation and efficient traditional heating systems. Energy bills are moderate, and these homes have a reasonable impact on the environment.
D (55-68 points)
This rating indicates a moderate level of energy efficiency. Although properties may have some insulation and an adequate heating system, they could benefit from more significant energy efficiency improvements. Energy costs are relatively high compared to better-rated homes.
E (39-54 points)
Properties in this band have a below-average energy efficiency rating. They likely lack sufficient insulation, have older heating systems, and require various improvements to enhance energy efficiency and reduce costs.
F (21-38 points)
These homes are considered energy inefficient, with high energy costs and significant room for improvement. They often have very poor insulation and outdated heating systems and contribute considerably to environmental pollution due to their high carbon emissions.
G (1-20 points) – Least efficient
Properties with a G rating are the least energy efficient and have the highest environmental impact. They are typically very old or have not been updated with energy-saving technologies. They suffer from very high energy costs and are often costly to upgrade to higher efficiency levels
How does the EPC rating scale work?
EPCs rate a property’s energy efficiency using a points system. The points are determined by assessing factors like insulation, heating systems, and the presence of renewable energy sources. This data is processed using approved software that calculates the property’s energy consumption per square meter, CO2 emissions, and energy costs. The software then converts these into a numeric score corresponding to one of the EPC bands.
This system shows a property’s current energy efficiency and suggests improvements to reduce energy use and environmental impact, helping homeowners, buyers, and tenants decide about property energy management.
Property features across EPC ratings
A-rated properties
These properties might feature advanced solar PV systems, triple-glazed windows, high-quality floor, wall, loft insulation, and energy-efficient heating systems. A-rated homes often incorporate modern construction methods and materials that enhance energy efficiency.
B to C-rated properties
These homes will likely include double glazing, efficient boilers, and good insulation. While not at the pinnacle of energy efficiency, they incorporate significant energy-saving features that positively impact overall performance.
D to E-rated properties
Typically, they have some double glazing, minimal insulation in the loft, and an older boiler. However, these properties have room for improvements that could enhance energy efficiency without extensive renovations.
F to G-rated properties
Often lack adequate insulation, have outdated heating systems, and have single-glazed windows. They are less energy efficient and, as a result, have higher energy costs. These properties require substantial upgrades to improve their EPC rating.
How to improve your EPC rating
Here are some ways to improve your own energy performance certificate rating:
- Insulation upgrades: Upgrade insulation in the loft, walls, and floors to help maintain temperature and lower energy consumption.
- Renewable energy: Utilise renewable energy sources, such as solar panels. These systems reduce dependence on non-renewable energy sources and generate energy savings over time.
- LED lighting: To reduce electrical consumption, switch to LED lighting from traditional incandescent or halogen bulbs. LEDs are much more energy-efficient and have a longer lifespan.
- Double-glazed windows: Installing double-glazed windows helps reduce heat loss during colder months and keeps interiors cool during the summer. This upgrade improves thermal comfort and reduces reliance on heating and cooling systems.
- Heating system upgrades: Replace old boilers with newer, more efficient models. Consider installing a condensing boiler, which is significantly more efficient than older models. Upgrading radiators, adding programmable thermostats, and improving heating controls can also improve energy management.
Improving a property’s EPC rating is beneficial as it means you will have reduced how much energy it uses. The property will become more environmentally friendly and energy efficient, lowering energy bills. It can also boost a property’s market appeal compared to a low EPC rating.
Book on EPC assessment with Falcon Energy
At Falcon Energy, we have highly skilled and experienced energy performance certificate assessors working nationwide. For a new EPC report, a renewal of an expiring energy rating certificate, or an updated rating after improving your property, call us today for a free quote.
Our professional team will arrive at a convenient time, complete the assessment, and prepare a report within a few days, including any recommended measures.